嗨,亲爱的们,今天新航道的小编继续给大家分享一些SAT写作替换词句,同样也可以运用到雅思和托福的写作当中,学会这些词句,让你的文章更上一个档次。
11. spell sth. Out 拼出,指出,详细阐述
E.g. The idea that “backward” economies could grow faster than mature ones was first spelled out by economic historians like Alexander Gerschenkron in the 1950s and Moses Abramovitz in the 1970s.
落后经济体可以比成熟经济体发展得更快这一概念由经济历史学家们次指出/详细阐述,例如二十世纪五十年代的 Alexander Gerschenkron 和二十世纪七十年代的 Moses Abramovitz。
spell 依然是多数小朋友都熟悉的单词
这次特别提一下词组 spell sth. out
除了本意“拼出”,还有“指出,详细阐述”的含义
≈ point out / make clear/ explain in detail/ elaborate (on)
常用语语境:
spell out plans/policies
spell out how…/what…
12. a recipe for sth. 是导致…的原因
E.g. In December 2017 a Chinese technology firm called ByteDance bought Musical.ly, an app which let its young users dance and lip-sync to music videos. This did not, at the time, look like a recipe for geopolitical strife.
2017年12月,字节跳动,一家中国科技公司,收购了 Musical.ly,一款让年轻用户跟着音乐视频舞动和对嘴型的手机应用。在当时,这并不看起来像会导致一场地缘政治冲突。
recipe 是个高考英语要求的词汇
大家熟知含义是“食谱、菜谱” (其实该含义的适用语境非常有限)
再多了解一点的小朋友会看到“诀窍、窍门”这层含义
比如 a recipe for success/improvement
根据这句例句,可以再更进一步了解一下 a recipe for 也经常和一些不太好的情况搭配
表示因果关系“是…的原因”,在适当的语境中可以和 cause/ reason/ factor 互相替换
比如 a recipe for disaster/ extinction/ weakness/ isolation …
13. spur v. 激励、促进
E.g. Then came covid-19. Although recessions tend to boost demand for higher education, as poor job prospects spur people to seek qualifications, revenues may nevertheless fall.
然后疫情到来。虽然(经济)衰退会促进对更高学历的需求(因为糟糕的就业前景激励着人们追求更高的学历),但是(高校)总收入可能减少。
spur sb. to do sth. 激励/鼓动某人做某事
简单联想一下,同义词组就有很多
encourage/ motivate/ inspire/ stimulate sb. to do sth.
再强有力一点的“驱使某人做某事”有 impel/ urge sb. to do sth.
可以记忆成近义搭配群组,在合适的语境中替换使用
P.S. on the spur of the moment 一时冲动之下;心血来潮
也是个不错的词组
14. wade into(没细想就)加入
to become involved in a difficult situation, often without thinking about it carefully
E.g. To see off a credit crunch, the Federal Reserve, acting with the Treasury, has waded into financial markets, buying up the bonds of AT&T, Apple and even Coca-Cola, and lending directly to everyone from bond dealers to non-profit hospitals.
为了告别信贷紧缩,美联储和美国财政部一起,加入到金融市场之中,购入AT&T、苹果公司,甚至可口可乐公司的债券,并向每个机构(从券商到非营利性医院)直接出借。
wade vi. 本意是“趟水”,“艰难进行”
在托福SAT写作替换词句积累(39)的例句中也曾出现过
它的词组搭配比较有趣
wade into vt.
1.(没细想就)加入 ~ a fight
2.抨击 ~ the critics
wade throught vt.
费力完成/读完 ~ lengthy court reports
15. confront vt. 面临;大胆面对;临到...的头上
E.g. Each new era of economics confronts a new challenge.
每个经济新纪元都会面临一个新挑战。
confront 属于需要掌握的常用单词
sb./sth. be confronted with sth. 面临某事,一般是指 a problem/ difficulty/ challenge/ danger…多搭配艰难困苦_(:з」∠)_
也有 sb. confront(s) sth. 多指处理 to deal with a difficult problem, situation, or person
还有 sb./sth. confront(s) sb. 就是另一个意思了“与…对证”
E.g. I had to confront him about the damage to the car.
16. rule the roost 主宰一切
E.g. In the old days, when commercial banks ruled the roost, central banks acted as lenders of last resort to them.
以前,当商业银行主宰一切的时候,中央银行承担起最后放款人的角色。
roost n. (鸟类的)栖息处
单词本身没啥意思
两个词组还是蛮有趣的
rule the roost 统治栖息地≈主宰一切(hhh
come back/home to roost 自食恶果
Eg. Their extravagant overspending has come home to roost.
大学理所当然地以历史悠久的传统为豪,但是他们的古老起源往往成为了拒绝改变的借口。如果疫情能够动摇大学走出自满,那么这场灾难或许仍能带来一些好处。
complacency 比起“满意”,更偏向于“自满”,带一丢丢批判性的负面情感
=self-satisfaction
都有点 self-righteousness “自以为是”的调调了
常用搭配:
there is no room for complacency (about sth)
(对某事物)不容自满(这个含义看上不太常用?
≈ 需要拼劲全力(换个方式表达,突然感觉很多语境中能用到了?
adj. complacent, be complacent about sb./ sth.
17. through a/the prism of透过/通过...的视角
E.g.It is a worldview where everything and everyone is seen through the prism of ideology—who is published, who gets jobs, who can say what to whom.
这是一种世界观,在这种世界观中,每件事每个人都被以意识形态的视角看待—谁被公布,谁获得工作,谁对谁说了什么。
When every transaction at work, at home, or at the school gate is seen through a prism of racial power, no encounter between different races can be innocent.
当每个在工作场合、家中或者校门口的事物都被以种族权利的视角看待的时候,不同种族之间没有一次冲突是无辜的。
在经济学人的这篇 The new ideology of race 中,一篇之中用到两次这个词组,频次可谓很高。
prism 本意是“棱镜,三棱柱”
through the prism of 就不再是实体棱镜含义,更偏指抽象的“通过棱镜(=视角/角度)来看待某事”
根据 Collins Dictionary 的释义&例句
If you see something through a prism of something such as time or memory, your idea of it is affected by that thing.
[literary] Through the smoky prism of time, I could just barely make out my father as a young man.
很文学的用法
18. hew to坚守,遵守
E.g. Most Americans still hew to that classical liberal ideal as do many of those who marched with justified anger over the killing of Mr Floyd.
大多数美国人仍然坚守着古典自由主义理想,正如那些带着对于 Floyd 被杀所产生的正当愤怒 游行的人们(同样坚守着)。
hew v. 砍,劈(大的物体)(单纯动词本意没啥亮点
hew to sth. 词组瞬间意思与动词本意不太一样了
指坚守,遵守+法规/原则/期许
hew to rules/ code/ principles/ expectations
可以与
obey/observe
conform to/ adhere to/ stick to
之类的同意词组一起积累,写作时互相替换
19. in retrospect 回想起来,事后看来
E.g. In retrospect, the government should have probed the scientists’ advice more deeply.
事后看来,政府应该更深入地探究检验科学家们的建议。
retrospect n./v. 回顾,回想
常用搭配 in retrospect 和 (in) hindsight “事后的领悟” 有点类似
词根 “retro” 用得很多,指“怀旧”,(时装款式等)前不久刚流行过的,再度流行的,回归的
in retrospect 在一些总结性的表意中可以用上,进而表达对所描述事件的反思
20. in the grip of 受控于,受制于,陷于(不愉快的处境)
E.g. By the end of the decade in which Baldwin wrote of the need to heal America, the country had set about dismantling the legal edifice of racial segregation. It was also in the grip of a reaction from those who thought civil rights had gone too far.
在Baldwin写下治愈美国的必要性的那个十年末尾,美国开始逐步废除种族隔离的法律体系。这也曾是受控于那群(认为民权走向极端的)人的反馈。
grip 本意是“抓牢,攥住”
be in the grip of ≈ under the control/influence of…
且往往是负面的
常用搭配:be in the grip of a economic crisis / depression / recession / a mania / an obsession
适合放在受到负面影响(且无力抗争,较为无奈)的语境中
又是一个简单单词的实用词组。
一些好的词汇和短语运用到写作之中,肯定会让考官眼前一亮,你的写作分数也就上去啦。好了今天的SAT写作替换词句就分享到这里了,如果你想了解更多PTE课程、留学规划、托福课程、雅思课程、雅思写作单项突破、日韩法西德意、四六级课程、多邻国课程、A-level课程、GRE课程,或者有任何疑问,欢迎联系新航道重庆学校。
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