lag behind =develop more slowly than others 落后，发展滞后
The auto industry in this country is starting to lag behind that in other
countries.这个国家的汽车产业开始落后于其他国家的水平。
make improvements= make sth. better than it was before获得进展
Some improvements were made in radio communication during World War Il在第二次世界大战期间无线电通讯获得了一些进展。
forge ahead=develop with a sudden increase of speed and power高速发展
Information technology has forged ahead in the last two decades.在过去的20年里，信息技术经历了高速发展。
has improved beyond all recognition= has improved greatly已经今非昔比
Working conditions at the company have improved beyond all recognition during the past two decades.在过去的20年间，在公司的工作条件早已今非昔比了。
be made/rendered obsolete by sth. =be no longer used or needed,because sth. better or more fashionable has replaced it 原本存在的某种工具或技术被新生事物取代或者淘汰
Typewriters have been rendered obsolete by computers打字机已经被电脑所取代了。
be displaced by sth. =be forced out of its original position旧事物由于某种新生事物的出现而不再被人们所使用
Coal has already been largely displaced as a fuel for electricity.作为发电用的燃料，煤炭已经不再被人们当做主要燃料而使用。
be a milestone= be a very important event是一个里程碑/转折点
Taking thisjob was a real milestone in his career获得这份工作是他事业上的一大里程碑。
sth. is no longer a necessity=sth.is not necessary any longer(某事物)已经不再是必要的
Screensavers are no longer a necessity for us.屏幕保护程序对我们来说已经不再是必需的了。
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