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Question
Your professor is teaching a class on sociology. Write a post responding to the professor's question.
In your response, you should do the following.
- Express and support your opinion.
- Make a contribution to the discussion in your own words.
An effective response will contain at least 100 words.
Doctor Gupta
When students are preparing to graduate from university, they need to make decisions about what kind of company they want to work for. They might consider large, older companies with an established reputation, or possibly new start-up companies, which tend to be small but very focused on the future. Consider the advantages of each. Would it generally be better for a new university graduate to begin working for a large established company, or for a small start-up?
Kelly
I think in general, the established company is the better choice. Because they’re already well-known, these companies have a certain amount of respect in the business community, so it would look good to have that job experience on your resume. That advantage alone would be a great start for a recent graduate.
Andrew
I see your point, Kelly, but taking a position at a start-up company would offer so much excitement. They often have an energy that older companies can’t match -- everyone can be focused on new, innovative business practices and they would be more aggressive about getting new clients. That would be a much better experience for someone fresh out of university!
范文正文
Andrew’s view makes sense, but I still hold the opinion that working in a large-scale company is better for newly-graduated students.【同位语从句】 The main reason is that it will be beneficial for young people’s future career aspirations.【表语从句】 Larger companies usually have a higher reputation in the industry and stricter criteria for the employees they recruit. Those who have worked in such places tend to have a brighter future in their careers and more opportunities, even if they resign from the big company.【定语从句+让步状语从句】 In contrast, smaller companies may not provide the same advantages. They often have lower requirements for their job applicants and lack influential brands or products, which diminishes their trustworthiness.【定语从句】 For instance, a renowned international corporation in China called Huawei only hires graduates from world-class universities, attracting numerous highly qualified talents from all over the country every year.【非谓语动词作状语】 My classmate Jack is one of them. Even though he left Huawei after only 2 years,【让步状语从句】 he was still more sought after by other companies in his industry compared to other graduates who only joined start-ups.
托福写作思路和特色
本题出自ETS样题第14道，属于二选一类题型、工作类话题。教授问两位学生，刚毕业的大学生应该在大公司还是小公司工作。两位学生的回答颇具代表性，Kelly认为应该去大公司，因为大公司的口碑更好，对年轻人的未来职业发展有利;Andrew认为小公司更好，因为小公司开展的业务往往更具创新性，容易激发年轻人的工作热情。
写作本题时需要格外注意审题。题中有一处时间限定，即要讨论的是在大公司或小公司工作对“大学毕业生”的影响，不要写成对一个普通的社会人的影响。
本文采取了“总论点+解释+对比论证+举例”的结构。总论点同意Kelly的观点，认为刚毕业的大学生应该去大公司工作。这一论点也是实际授课时，大部分同学会采取的观点。文章的解释部分就Kelly提出的“大公司口碑好、有利于职业发展”作了更多阐述，认为大公司在业内通常有更好的名声，招聘员工时的要求也更高。如果曾经在这样的地方工作过，将来也容易有更好的前程、更多的机会。接下来，文章使用了对比论证这一在二选一类题型中经常用到的论证方法，写出了在小公司工作的缺点，即声望低、要求少，用这两个同类事物与前面提及的“在大公司工作的好处”相对比。更后用一个含有对比的例子(我的同学们)结束了论述。
用词用语整理
【同位语从句】
I still hold the opinion that working in a large-scale company is better for newly-graduated students.
同位语从句是托福写作的常用句式，它通常用于解释说明前面的抽象名词的内容，要注意与表示修饰的定语从句相区分。同位语从句常用于开头段引入话题、提出总论点和结尾段总结全文。在本文中，同位语从句用于提出总论点。
请看以下更多例句：
(1)The notion that physical factors, rather than mental attitude, play a major role in achieving success in sports remains open to dispute. (开头段引入话题)
(2)From what has been discussed above, it is my conclusion that advertising can be both a blessing and a curse, depending on what people value more in a given context.(结尾段总结全文)
career aspiration n. 职业抱负
criteria n. (作出评判、决定或处理的)标准，准则
这里的criteria是复数名词，其单数形式为criterion。
requirement n. 要求，规定
在本文中，requirements和criteria都可以表示招聘要求，互为同义替换词。
recruit v. 招聘。
在本文中，“招聘”还可写为hire。
job applicant n. 职位申请者，应聘者
diminish v. 减少，降低
trustworthiness n. 可信度
world-class university n. 世界一流大学
sought after adj. (因品质高或稀有而)热门的，广受欢迎的
eg. Watson also has become a much sought-after fashion model, admired for her style.
start-up n. 初创公司
