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Questions 30-39 Native Americans probably arrived from Asia in successive waves over several millennia, crossing a plain hundreds of miles wide that now lies inundated by 160 feet of water released by melting glaciers. For several periods of time, the first beginning around 60,000 B.C. and the last ending around 7,000 B.C., this land bridge was open. The (5 )first people traveled in the dusty trails of the animals they hunted. They brought with them not only their families, weapons, and tools but also a broad metaphysical understanding, sprung from dreams and visions and articulated in myth and song, which complemented their scientific and historical knowledge of the lives of animals and of people. (从物质生活讲到文化生活)All this they shaped in a variety of languages, bringing into being oral literatures of power and beauty. (10) Contemporary readers, forgetting the origins of western epic, lyric, and dramatic forms, are easily disposed to think of “literature” only as something written. But on reflection it becomes clear that the more critically useful as well as the more frequently employed sense of the term concerns the artfulness of the verbal creation, not its mode of presentation. Ultimately, literature is aesthetically valued, regardless of language, culture, (15)or mode of presentation, because some significant verbal achievement results from the struggle in words between tradition and talent. Verbal art has the ability to shape out a compelling inner vision in some skillfully crafted public verbal form. Of course, the differences between the written and oral modes of expression are not without consequences for an understanding of Native American literature. The essential (20)difference is that a speech event is an evolving communication,(重要区别) an “emergent form,” the shape, functions, and aesthetic values of which become more clearly realized over the course of the performance. In performing verbal art , the performer assumes responsibility for the manner as well as the content of the performance, while the audience assumes the responsibility for evaluating the performer's competence in both areas. It is this intense (25)mutual engagement that elicits the display of skill and shapes the emerging performance. Where written literature provides us with a tradition of texts, oral literature offers a tradition of performances. (对比型文章) 34. What is the main point of the second paragraph? (A) Public performance is essential to verbal art. (B) Oral narratives are a valid form of literature. (C) Native Americans have a strong oral tradition in art. (D) The production of literature provides employment for many artists. 答案是B，我选的是C 解答：黑体的是第二段，先把A和D拉出去弊了，与本段无关，其实C也可以直接弊了，因为本段没涉及到Native American，所以不可能是C.我们来看第二段： Contemporary readers, forgetting the origins of western epic, lyric, and dramatic forms, are easily disposed to think of “literature” only as something written. But……好了，看到这里足够了，这是本段主题句，这个句子是说原以为文学只是写出来的，"但是"用来进行转折，那我们很容易就能明白作者是说口语也是一种文学的形式.做主题的关键是抓住主题句，同时排除无关内容.将排除法和直选法结合起来.
35. What can be inferred about the nature of the Native American literature discussed in the passage? (A) It reflects historical and contemporary life in Asia. (B) Its main focus is on daily activities. (C) It is based primarily on scientific knowledge. (D) It is reshaped each time it is experienced. 答案是D，我选的A 这篇没看懂
解答：这题是个crazy test，就是乱序题，乱序题的难度就是不好找，找到了基本就做出来了，但是如果我们能对全文结构有一个深刻的了解，我们应该可以找到出处.先把C 扔掉，明显是凑数的选项.A也可以扔掉，因为偷换了概念，作者在说nature of the Native American literature ，那么它一定要有Native American 的特性，不是问的起源，这一定要明白.BC都有道理，就看哪个可以直接由文章infer了， For several periods of time, the first beginning around 60,000 B.C. and the last ending around 7,000 B.C., this land bridge was open. The first people traveled in the dusty trails of the animals they hunted. They brought with them not only their families, weapons, and tools but also a broad metaphysical understanding, sprung from dreams and visions and articulated in myth and song, which complemented their scientific and historical knowledge of the lives of animals and of people. 这里可以看出作者把periods of time和metaphysical understanding,联系在一起，于是就可以放心的选D了.
37.Which of the following is NOT true of the Native American literature discussed in the passage? (A) It involves acting. (B) It has ancient origins. (C) It has a set form. (D) It expresses an inner vision. 答案是C，我选的D，找不到定位 解答：这种题要反过来定位，就是把题干的核心词和每一个选项加在一起定位.也就是最多定位三次，(答案是A定位一次就OK)这个你自己试着定位看看，我这里只给出对应的词或者短语：
(A) It involves acting._performance
(B) It has ancient origins._Asia
(C) It has a set form.没发现，不但没发现，还找到了相反的_evolving
(D) It expresses an inner vision._dreams and visions
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