如果你听过摇滚乐,那一定对Punk(朋克)这个词不陌生,但其实很多人并不明白它的起源,今天小编就来浅介绍下这个在70年代叱咤风云的非主流(sub-culture)群体。
朋克和很多艺术流派类似,都是从思想开始萌芽并逐渐融入社会,与其说朋克是门音乐,不如说它是种叛逆(rebellious)风格精神。朋克风在70年代的英国崛起,那时英国因为工人团队的政策失误而导致英国本土经济(Domestic Economy)萧条,失业率暴增,有很多年轻人为了反对一连串的荒谬政策而开始加入叛逆的朋团体以宣泄自己不满的态度。渐渐地,朋克逐渐演变成了主流文化并慢慢渗透进入音乐、潮流服装和青年思想中。
朋克音乐之所以会渲染地如此迅速是因为它起源于社会底层,例如酒吧和歌厅。此外,Punk音乐家的叛逆态度及讽刺(ironic)的歌词也深受民众喜爱。英国有名朋克乐团Sex Pistols当时恶搞了英国女王的头像,并发行了同名歌曲《God save the Queen》,但在保守的年代,当地电台纷纷表示不敢播放,乐队就在女王游河当天,在泰唔士河上租了艘船在船上演奏并引起了轩然大波。当然歌曲的名称并不是单单的指“神佑女王”,而是以讽刺的语气表达“神啊,快来救救她吧”。
那么在托福考试当中,朋克文化所涉及到的内容又有哪些呢?如下:
Punk is not only music but a sub-culture, or better counter-culture. The punk movement grew largely out of the garage band sounds of the late 60’s . The music is normally very stripped down, one or two electric guitars, bass and drums. Many of the musicians were self-taught so they were not only breaking ground but breaking musical rules. As with any counter-culture, it has to have originated in response to something. It was simply a confused and/or angry youth rebelling against conventions.
托福听力必备单词+单词联想法:
Sub-culture(亚文化) - Subzero (零度以下) - Subtropical (亚热带)
Counter-culture(逆主流文化) - Counter-clockwise(逆时钟)
stripped down(精炼的) - strips off(皮肤脱落)
self-taught(自学) - self-sufficient(自足)
breaking ground(跌破眼镜) - record breaking(打破纪录)
rebelling(叛逆) - rebel (叛逆者)
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