Fresh water is a limited resource in some parts of the world. Today, increasing demand made it a global problem. What are the causes of increasing demand? What measures can governments and individuals take to solve this problem?
写作思路
水资源匮乏是经典的环境类考题。导致水资源短缺的原因有很多，范文从人口的增长入手，分析了人们的用水情况，并讨论了气候变暖对这一问题产生的影响。题目要求从政府和个人来提出解决方案。文中提到政府应该从基础设施建设来改善现状，并说明了个人在这一问题解决中可以起到的作用。
重点词汇与语料
Insufficient freshwater resources 淡水资源不足
Is projected to 预计
Profligate 肆意挥霍的
Exacerbate 使加剧
Household waste 家庭垃圾
Industrial refuse 工业垃圾
Be equipped with 配备
Sewage disposal system 污水处理系统
Water scarcity 水短缺
Evaporate 蒸发
Equatorial regions 赤道区
Sanitation 公共卫生
Ridden 充斥着
Alleviate 缓解
Scarce 缺乏的
Collectively 共同地
参考范文
Insufficient freshwater resources have become one of the major crises in many countries, both wealthy and poor. This essay will analyze some potential reasons for this and offer possible solutions to it.
The challenge of population growth has caused increasing water demand worldwide. The world's population is projected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050. However, as populations keep growing, the awareness of environmental protection has been lost. The profligate use of water exacerbates the situation. What is worse, pollution from household waste and industrial refuse leads to further problems, especially in areas that are not equipped with a qualified sewage disposal system. Global warming is another important cause of water scarcity. As the average air temperature increases, water from rivers and lakes evaporates at an alarming rate, depriving equatorial regions like sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East of life-giving drinking water.
Sufficient access to safe drinking water is a priority for national development, and it starts with a good sewage system. Without proper sanitation, the water in an area becomes ridden with disease and many other problems. By improving the sewage systems, the government could prevent water scarcity to a large extent. Besides, many poor developing countries are still in need of public water infrastructure. People there are at high risk of suffering from severe water shortages. By providing people access to a public water supply, water scarcity risk can be greatly alleviated.
Experience suggests that without individual engagement, any rules and regulations or large projects would without a doubt end in failure. Thus, individual participation is necessary and irreplaceable in addressing water issues. All the seemingly small things that people do in daily lives can, when added up, make a huge difference in contributing to the solutions: for example, recycling water and avoiding water wastage. What is more, people should be more open-minded to environmentally sound lifestyle and learn more about the water crisis around them.
To conclude, clean drinking water is scarce, so the government and individuals should work collectively to make a difference.
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