嗨，亲爱的们，今天重庆新航道的小编要给大家分享的是雅思大作文的备考技巧，我们都知道写作文不能跑题的重要性，仅仅是做到了不跑题，还不能帮助我们获得高分，还需要做到些什么才能拿到高分呢？下面大家就跟着重庆新航道的小编一起来看看吧。
对于许多烤鸭来讲，雅思大作文都是心头大患。当你搜肠刮肚、呕心沥血地写出了250个词，还是与高分无缘，那种生无可恋，小编都懂。所以今天我们就来扒一下高分大作文养成记!
老规矩，
先来看一下考官打分的条条框框～
The IELTS writing grading criteria
IELTS写作评分标准
1.Task Response(写作任务回应情况)
2.Coherence& Cohesion(连贯和流畅)
3.Grammatical Range and Accuracy(语法丰富性和准确度)
4.Lexical Resource(词汇多样性)
这些标准背后可是暗藏很多"小心机"哦!
摸清方向，才知道该怎么下手写。下面Vicky来解读一下，并附上超干Tips!项标准的意思有3点：字数达标(至少250字);不跑题;观点全面。
Tip1： 多多不一定益善
250个字这个没商量，硬性要求，
有的小伙伴才思泉涌，超出了250字，于是沾沾自喜，会不会加分嘞?虽然雅思写作没有限制最多写多少字，但写的长不会额外加分。而且写的长，意味着你写的速度应该更快，就越容易在语法和单词拼写上犯错误，或会遗漏重要信息，犯错的概率会增加!
建议:最多把字数控制在280字内，记住质量比数量更重要!
Tip2:做到“有求必应”要做到不跑题，就要完成题目中所有要求，所以你要弄清楚：哪些是关键词?问题分为几部分?你需要做什么?
举个栗子，
Task Two
You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.
Write about the following topic.
The pace of technological advancements is steadily increasing, suggesting that people need not only to keep up with, but to stay ahead of the competition they want to survive and succeed in the business world. This is a great source of stress for many people.
What are some ways people can relieve this stress while remaining competitive in the workplace?
Write at least 250 words.
标红的部分都是在写作前需要掌握的关键信息!
我们会发现：
1.中间的一长段是写作任务的提示(prompt)， 解释一下具体的情境，以此来展开提问，而许多小伙伴常被提示所迷惑，导致跑题。
它没有在问你以下内容：
Not asking:
•for opinion about competition
•the role of technology in business
•What it means to be competitive in bussiness
•causes/sources of the stress
注：当然有的小伙伴可以稍微提一下某个点，以支持文章的架构，但这些内容不是重点，且占的比例相当小，说白了可能就是过场话。
2.What are some ways....才是写作任务(task)，典型的解决型问题，它是在向你索求具体的examples.
它问的内容包括：
asking
•ways to relieve stress caused by competition and stay competitive.
这里的竞争并不是重点，重点是缓解压力，所以一定要学会抓重点。
严格按照题目要求进行构思，
不要画蛇添足，
就不会跑题了!
第二项标准意思有2点：
文章结构完整，
观点衔接自然。
这项标准考察考生文章组织能力、连接信息和观点的能力。
考生要学会如何谋篇布局，先“搭架”，再“添砖加瓦”。
写之前，应该快速构思一下文章框架，如下面这样：
Introduction (Paraphrase questions& including your opinion)
_________________________
Body Paragraphs (arguments for the topic):
Supporting point 1(论点1)
___________________________
Supporting point 2(论点2)
___________________________
Supporting point 3(论点3)
___________________________
Conclusion(Paraphrase your opinion)
_____________________________
这种2-3分钟的梳理不仅使思路清晰，也能节省写作的时间。
Tip3:嗯，这很“山寨”
各位小伙伴都知道，在Introduction段落，通常是要描述题目作为开头，但记住不是copy(复制)题目，而是要paraphrase(改写题目)，所以哪怕是山寨一下，也比直接抄下来好。
判卷规则中有潜规则：如果考生将题目的句子一模一样写在文章中，会有凑字数之嫌，考官会在字数统计中刨除掉!
那么如何改写呢?
至少要把动词、句式换一换，
主被动前后颠倒一下。
这里给大家介绍2个小技巧
1.替换词
Example:
Financial support from government should only be used for scientific research, not the less useful research.
替换词有：
financial support:fund,subsidy,fiscalincome
be used for:be allocated to,be distributed to,be spent on
research: study,investigation
less useful: less valuable, meaningless,frivolous,non-essential
2.翻译改变句型
关键词都替换掉了，但是句型还是没变啊，所以这时候就需要改变句型。
对于语法没那么好的同学可以试着把英文翻译成中文，再由中文去改变表达方式，最后再翻译成英文，这时候你会发现，跟题目中的原文已经完全不一样啦!
原文翻译：
政府应该花钱给科学研究不是没用的研究。
中文改编：
相比于那些不会带来显著价值的研究，科学探索应该得到政府更大的财力援助。
最后再翻译成英文：
rather than those studies which cannot bring remarkable value, scientific exploration should be more funded by government.
政府没有必要拨款给那些被众人认为没有实际价值的非科学研究。
It is not essential for government to allocate money to those non-scientific studies which can hardly bring practical value.
第三项标准的意思有3点：
正确时态、语气与语态相结合;
使用复杂句;
语法正确.
这项标准主要考查学生的语法功底，对英语语法知识的实际运用能力。
Tip4: 我思故我在
复杂句是“提分利器”!
复杂句是指将多个信息融合在一个句子中，可是很多小伙伴怕写不好复杂句反倒犯错，于是满篇小短句，那么如何比较安全地扩展自己的句子呢?
小伙伴们构思一个句子时，可以先问自己几个wh-开头的问题。
举个栗子，
Nowadays,everyone has a mobile phone.
你可以想一想:
who 具体是指那些人?
what什么样的手机?
why 为什么会这样?
想完这几个问题后，这个句子可以变成:
Nowadays, people of all generations have mobile phones, especially smart phones, becauseyou can do so many things with them.
Tip5:小词大用
除了利用发散思维来扩充句子内容外，还可以利用连词补充信息，如用such as,for example,instead of,as well as 等等。
eg.Being a celebrity—such as a famous film star or sports personality—brings problems as well as benifits.
敲黑板!!
in terms of,for the sake of,regardless of 也是复杂句的"三大绝活"。
eg.This children are often spoilt,not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have time for this.
然而，并不是说全篇都必须是复杂句，简单句和复杂句的使用要尽量平衡。
如果都是复杂句，考官读起来会很累的，短句可以适当调节考官的阅读节奏。
Tip6:不检“芝麻”(错误)
何来“西瓜”(高分)
无论你多么“善变”，准确度是关键，先保证句子没有语法错误，在这个基础上，再来谈多样性，使用各种语态和句式，所以，不能一口吃个胖子!
另外，童鞋们在写大作文时，合理地安排时间，预留一些时间来检查语法和拼写错误，否则很可能“因小失大”。
第四项的标准意思只有1点：
善变!善变!善变!
Tip7:“变脸”才好看
替换词汇很重要，有的童鞋一个词用到烂，很容易让考官产生审美疲劳，学会有节奏滴替换词汇，考官才会觉得你很有“料”。
1.头脑风暴，尽可能找出题目中关键词对应的同义词，并在你的文章中使用。
e.g.Alternative forms of transport should be encouraged and international lawsintroduced to control car ownership amd use.
Alternative: other, different
laws: regulations,legislation
encouraged: promoted, supported
control: restrict, manage
car: vehicle,automobile
2.另外，各位小伙伴在平时的学习中，一方面要多积累同义词，另一方面在学习词汇时，不能只孤立地学习这个词，应该学习词汇搭配和一些词组的固定用法，避免典型错误。
举个栗子，
✘ He is guilty of making a crime.
✔ He is guilty of commiting a crime.
Tip8:“炫技”也需要走心
有些考生为了显逼格，一股脑地抛一些高大上的学术词汇，读起来晦涩，不接地气，不好意思，考官并不买账哦!
注：考官并不是根据你的文章中用了多少牛掰的词汇，你的观点多么清奇来打分的，只有准确清晰地阐述观点，才是考官的!
下面我们来学习
一位“高段位心机”烤鸭的雅思8分大作文，
另附考官详细点评哦!
Question:
Many museums charge for admission while others are free.
Do you think the advantages of charging people for admission to museums outweigh the disadvantages?
Sample Answer 1：
Some museums have an admission charge while some do not.In my opinion,the drawbacks of an entrance fee are eclipsed by the benefits in the sense that the income will be ploughed back into operation and development of the museums.
考官点评：Excellent! 考生句概述了即将要讨论的内容，接下来又清晰地给出了个人观点。
所有的考生都应该这样做，向考官清楚地展示你对于这个问题的看法，有助于考官理解文章接下来要表达的内容。
A major of disadvantage of an admission fee is the possibility of reducing the number of visitors.Museums house exhibitions and artifacts of great educational and historical value.If the chief aim of a museum is to introduce the local community, admission should be free to the public and visitors.Take some folk museums in Hong Kong, which preserve historic relics and display folk customs,for example.Admission to these folk museums which are often monuments,is free of charge.If they had charged an entrance fee,many might have turned to other activities.
考官点评：Excellent! 考生表明了一个中心观点，然后又通过细节解释和具体例子来扩展。
Granted,an entrance fee might have a negative effect on the admission figures but an income is favorable to museums in terms of operation.Museums feature educational exhibitions at times, and this could not have been done without a sum of money expended on hiring professionals and buying equipment.The Hong Kong Space Museum,for instance,has monthly exhibitions on different issues and professional docents are employed to take visitors on a guided tour around the museum.This example speaks volumes about how a reasonable admission charge is advantageous to the operation of a museum.
考官点评：我非常喜欢考生在该段的个句子中，将两种主要观点衔接起来的方式，然后再以具体的事实来支持自己的观点。
In conclusion,the disadvantages of an admission fee are overshadowed by the benefits accruing from a stable source of income. Therefore having weighed up the pros and cons,I am convinced that museums should charge an entrance fee for the sake of operation and development.
考官点评：非常讲究又简练的结尾。考生总结并重申了主要观点。
考官分数报告：
Task Response-Band 8
Your answer fully addresses all parts of the task.
Your answer presents a fully developed position in answer to the question with relevant,fully extended and well-supported ideas.
It is very clear that you think the benefits outweigh the drawbacks and the whole of your essay supports this.
考生的作文完整地处理了问题的各个方面。
作文整体结构很成熟，阐述了相关的、详尽且强有力的观点。
Coherence and Cohesion-Band 8
This was the most impressive part of your essay.I really liked your introduction and conclusion in particular.They really helped to bring everything together and hammer your point across.
考生的作文在连贯性方面很出色。我尤其喜欢考生的开头段和结尾段，将文章内容连贯地串联在一起，使观点更明确。
I also really liked the way you Iinked your ideas together.The whole essay felt like a really tight,cohesive piece of writing.
我很喜欢考生将观点联系在一起的方式。整篇文章联系紧密且流畅。
You have used cohesion in a way that attracts no attention.
Your paragraphing is excellent.
Very rarely do l have to read an IELTS essay only once to understand everything.That is the sign of a truly great essay.
考生写作十分流畅，方式一点也不张扬，分段很恰当，我只读了一遍就能理解文章的所有内容，这真是一篇很棒的文章。
Vocabulary-Band 8
You naturally use less-common words to convey very precise meaning and there are no mistakes at all.
考生很自然并准确地运用到了一些词汇，传达了非常明确的含义。
Grammar-Band 8
You use a wide range of appropriate structures and there are no mistakes.
考生运用了丰富的语法结构，并且很准确，没有出现错误。
下面是反方观点的一篇高分范文，大家可以学习从不同的角度来解读同一个问题。
Sample Answer 2
Lots of museums charge a fee while others do not.This essay thinks that the benefits of charging do not outweigh the drawbacks because open access to relics and art is more important than generating money that the government should supply in any event.
The main disadvantage is that high fees exclude a large proportion of the population,especially in less developed countries. Many people in poorer countries have just enough money for food and shelter.Exhibits are one of the few cultural activities they can enjoy free of charge. For example,Egypt has millions of people living in poverty, but also a rich and ancient culture and it is therefore important that everyone gets to experience these artifacts.Another big negative is that students and children who are learning about the world may not be able to visit.It would be a huge shame if art students could not see their favorite painters or sculptor's work in real life because their finances could not cover the cost.
Despite this,there are some who say that museums are unsustainable without the money they might get from ticket sales.They say that this allows the building to remain open and it is better that some people get to experience it,rather than none at all.To this I would say that the government should step in and cover the cost because culture is as important as anything else it spends money on.For instance,in the UK,there have been huge government spending cuts over the last few years,but the museums have not had the funding reduced because of their importance to the country's cultural heritage.
In conclusion,although some might say that places of culture should be run Iike a business,the cost to the education and heritage of the country is too great and they should remain free to all.
以上就是小编今天给大家分享的相关内容，如果大家想要了解更多留学资讯、留学规划、英语口语、雅思课程、托福课程、SAT课程、A-level课程或者有任何疑问，欢迎联系新航道重庆学校。
新航道重庆学校官网：cq.xhd.cn
新航道重庆学校电话：400-185-9090
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